The Justices of the Peace
Operating in the area of the municipality in which they are located and there are those in which there are no Courts of First Instance and Instruction.

The Courts of First Instance and Instruction
They cover the territorial scope of a judicial district, that is, the territorial unit consists of one or more neighboring municipalities that belong to a single province. The venue of these courts is in the capital city of the party.
Have jurisdiction to hear the following cases:
* Proceedings of Habeas Corpus.
* The investigation of crimes committed in their judicial district and those whose prosecution is for the Provincial Courts and Criminal Courts.
* Knowledge and failure cases for minor offenses, except those representing the peace courts.
* Resources established by law against decisions by the Courts of Peace of the Party.

Criminal Courts, Juvenile and prison security
May include a game territorially judicial or several, and even several provinces. When Develop their skills in a single province, is located in the capital of the same.

The Criminal Courts prosecute crimes committed in their area punishable by less than 5 years imprisonment or fine.

Juvenile Courts prosecute crimes committed by minors.

The prison security courts exercise functions related to monitoring the implementation and enforcement of custodial penalties, security measures in prisons … etc.

The Provincial Courts
They develop their skills in a province, and its headquarters located in the capital itself. There may also be sections of the audience outside the provincial capital that will be subject to one or more judicial districts.

Have jurisdiction to hear:
* The offenses which are imprisonment for a period exceeding 5 years.
* The resources provided by law against decisions by trial courts and criminal of the province as well as the resources of the Courts prison supervision on execution of penalties, enforcement and appeals from decisions of the Juvenile Courts of the province.

The High Courts
Cover the territory of the Autonomous Community and its headquarters is located in the city designated in each case by the Statutes of Autonomy, or otherwise, in the city in which the Territorial Court is sitting, or in the capital of the Community Autonomous.

The cities of Ceuta and Melilla are integrated within the territory of the High Court of Justice of Andalusia.

These courts will hear:
* The criminal cases that the Statute of Autonomy them aside.
* Appeals, where provided by law.
* Criminal cases against judges, magistrates and members of the prosecution for crimes they have committed in office in the Autonomous Communities, where no jurisdiction, the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court, the Audiencia Nacional, the Central Court of Investigation and the Central Criminal Courts
They cover the whole national territory and have its headquarters in Madrid.

The Supreme Court is the superior court hearing:
* Exceptional resources established by law in criminal matters (appeals, appeal … etc).
* Causes of Crimes against persons who hold a charge, among others, that of Prime Minister, President of the Congress and Senate, members of Government, Chief Justice, Judges of the High Court or Supreme Court … etc.

The High Court will take cases involving certain crimes, including:
* Crimes against the Crown and senior Crown agencies and the Government.
* Currency counterfeiting and drug trafficking, when committed by organized groups and effects in the territory of more than a provincial court.
* Crimes committed abroad which are to be tried in our country.

The Central Criminal Courts prosecute those crimes punishable by less than 5 years imprisonment or fine.

The Central Court of Investigation conducted the investigation of cases the prosecution of which corresponds to the Criminal Division of the National Court or, where appropriate, the Central Criminal Courts.

These courts also handled the cases of passive extradition, as determined by applicable laws.

The Court Jury
The jury trial was held in the area of the Provincial Court or other courts, in the manner prescribed by law.

As regards the reasons that the Court can prosecute the jury are among others the following:
* Crimes of fires and wildfires.
* Parricide, murder, manslaughter and infanticide.
* Embezzlement of public funds.
* Negotiations prohibited to public officials.
* Failure to provide assistance.
* Burglary.

If it is not known, to determine the court or tribunal should be addressed to the place:
* In which have discovered evidence of the crime.
* In which made the arrest.
* The residence of the alleged accused.
* In the absence of the above is responsible any judge or court was aware of the crime.

But the jurisdiction of various courts and tribunals are not uniquely determined according to a criterion territorial but functional. Thus, there are certain crimes which by their gravity or nature are tried by special courts.

Below are all the courts with criminal jurisdiction and the powers or functions that each is assigned.
- The Justices of the Peace
- The Courts of First Instance and Instruction
- Criminal Courts, Juvenile and prison security
- The Provincial Courts
- The High Courts
- The Supreme Court, the Audiencia Nacional, the Central Criminal Courts and the Central Court of Instruction.
- The Court of Jury